Top Current National and International Events of 2022

Current National and International Events- Atal Tunnel: The world’s longest tunnel at a height of 10 thousand feet – The name of the Atal Tunnel (Rohtang) connecting Manali and Lahaul Spiti of Kullu in Himachal Pradesh is more than 10 thousand feet in the Guinness Book of Records Recorded as the world’s longest tunnel passing through altitude. A certificate to this effect has been awarded by the Guinness Book to Shri Rajiv Chaudhary, Director General, Border Roads Organization in February 2022. It is known that this 9.02 km long highway tunnel plays an important role in connecting Manali and Lahaul Spiti throughout the year. Also, the travel distance between Manali and Leh through this tunnel is 46 km. The distance is less and the travel time is reduced by 4 to 5 hours. This tunnel was inaugurated by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on 3rd October 2020.

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Current National and International Events

Amrit Mahotsav of Independence: 75 Weeks Festival- The 75-week ‘Amrit Mahotsav’ has been started from March 12, 2021, to celebrate the occasion of the completion of 75 years of independence of the country in a gaiety manner. This festival will be celebrated till August 15, 2023, as a public festival in the spirit of public participation. It was started by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on March 12 from the Sabarmati Ashram in Ahmedabad by flagging off the Pad Yatra (freedom march) (91 years ago on March 12, the Salt Satyagraha under the leadership of Father of the Nation Mahatma Gandhi started as Dandi March Was). On this occasion, while addressing the huge gathering present at the Sabarmati Ashram, he paid homage to Mahatma Gandhi and the great men who sacrificed their lives in the freedom struggle. Shri Modi also remembered the important moments of the freedom struggle on this occasion. Focusing on the five pillars for the ‘Amrit Mahotsav of Independence’ (India @75), the Prime Minister reiterated these as the guiding force going forward. These include freedom struggle, 75 thoughts, 75 achievements, 75 actions, and 75 resolutions. Many other events also took place on the occasion of the launch of the festival, a unique Charkha campaign was launched by the Prime Minister to promote ‘Vocal for Local’ and the website of India @ 75 was launched by the Prime Minister. A short film on ‘Azadi ka Amrit Mahotsav’ was also screened on the occasion. It is noteworthy that ‘Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav’ is a series of programs organized by the Government of India to celebrate the 75th anniversary of India’s independence. The 75-week festival, which began on March 12, 2021, will end on August 15, 2023. The government has constituted a comprehensive committee under the chairmanship of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi to organize the festival. 259 celebrities from different parts and regions of the country have been included in this. Former President Mrs. Pratibha Patil, Chief Justice Justice S.A. Bobde, Lok Sabha Speaker Mr. Om Birla, Union Ministers, Governors and Chief Ministers of all states, etc. Pawan Chamling holds the record of being the Chief Minister for the longest time in the country – The record of being the Chief Minister for the longest time in the country is in the name of Chief Minister of Sikkim Mr. Pawan Chamling. In this matter, he broke the record of former West Bengal Chief Minister Jyoti Basu on April 29, 2018. Pawan Chamling, the founding president of the Sikkim Democratic Front, became the Chief Minister for the first time on December 12, 1994, and on April 29, 2018, he completed 23 years, 4 months, 17 days (8539 days) on this post and Jyoti Basu’s continuous Chief Ministership He broke the record. Jyoti Basu of the Communist Party of India-Marxist (CPM) was the Chief Minister of West Bengal from 21 June 1977 to 6 November 2000.

Formation of National Homeopathy Commission for the regulation of Homeopathy Medicine- A new National Homeopathy Commission has been constituted by the government in July 2021 in place of the Homeopathy Central Council for the regulation of homeopathy education in the country and regulatory reforms in this field. Dr. Anil Khurana, who was the chairman of For Research in Homeopathy, has been made its first chairman. The Homeopathy Act, 2020 was passed in September 2020 to replace the Homeopathy Central Council Act (1973) for the regulation of Homoeopathic Medicine. Under this, the National Homeopathy Commission has been constituted in July 2021. This commission will now decide policies and guidelines regarding homeopathic medicine and its institutions and professionals etc. in the country. This commission will also do work of coordination in various boards to be constituted under the Act in relation to homeopathic medicine. Provision for eligibility-cum-entrance test for admission in homeopathy medicine courses and National Teachers Eligibility Test for Homeopathy Masters for eligibility of teachers of homeopathy has also been made in the bill. Promotion of the latest medical research for homeopathy medicine, providing high-level medical professionals, and evaluation of medical institutions from time to time, etc. will also be included in the commission’s responsibilities.

Narendra Modi Longest Non-Congress Prime Minister – Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on August 13, 2020, set a new record as the longest-serving Prime Minister of India as a non-Congress leader. He became the leader. Earlier this record was in the name of Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee of BJP, who had been the Prime Minister of India for 2268 days including all his three terms. Mr. Modi, who has been in this position since May 28, 2014, broke this record on August 13, 2020. Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru had the longest tenure in the post of Prime Minister in India, who remained Prime Minister for 16 years and 286 days continuously from August 15, 1947, to May 27, 1964. In second place, his daughter Mrs. Indira Gandhi was the Prime Minister for 11 years 59 days continuously from January 24, 1966, to March 24, 1977. In this case, the third place was held by Dr. Manmohan Singh, who was the Prime Minister of India for 10 years and 4 days continuously from May 22, 2004, to May 26, 2014. All three belonged to Congress. The current Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi has become the fourth longest tenure in the post of Prime Minister of India, he has been in this post since May 26, 2014, and on August 31, 2020, he completed 6 years 98 days on this post and now He has become the first non-Congress Prime Minister to hold this post. In this case, the record of Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee of his own party, who had been the Prime Minister for a total of 6 years and 80 days in three terms, was broken by Shri Modi on August 13, 2020.

Ken-Betwa Link Project – A major step towards giving practicality to the concept of linking rivers was taken on March 22, 2021, when Jal Shakti of the governments of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh and the central government to connect the Ken and Betwa rivers. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between the Ministry. Madhya Pradesh Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan and Uttar Pradesh Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath also signed the agreement in a program organized virtually in the presence of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on the occasion of World Water Day. This scheme was approved in the meeting of the Union Cabinet on December 8, 2021. Under the Ken-Betwa Link Project, water will be transferred from the Ken river in Madhya Pradesh to the Betwa river in Uttar Pradesh. Describing the project in the interest of lakhs of families of both states, the Prime Minister said on the occasion that this project will change the fate of Bundelkhand. The Chief Ministers of both states had given a new color to the fate line of Bundelkhand by signing for this project. Under the Ken-Betwa link project, the water of the Ken river will be sent to Betwa by constructing the Daudhan dam in Madhya Pradesh. (Both these rivers are tributaries of river Yamuna) For this, a 221 km long link channel will be taken out from Daudhan, which will provide water to the Betwa river at Barua near Jhansi. This will benefit Bundelkhand region, especially Panna, Tikamgarh, Chhatarpur, Sagar, Damoh, Datia, Vidisha, Shivpuri, Raisen in Madhya Pradesh and Banda, Mahoba, Jhansi, and Lalitpur in Uttar Pradesh. With this, water will be available throughout the year for irrigation in a 10.62 lakh-hectare area. Along with this, drinking water can be supplied to about 62 lakh people and 103 MW of electricity can also be produced. Water will also be made available in the already constructed dams in Mahoba, Hamirpur, and Jhansi of Uttar Pradesh through the river linking project. These dams could never be filled in the past years. It is notable that an agreement was reached between the governments of Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh in August 2005 for sharing of Ken and Betwa river water, but no effective action was taken in this direction in these years.

Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award renamed as Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award – The country’s highest sports award has now been renamed as Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award. This award has been made. Till now this award was known as Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award after the name of former Prime Minister Shri Rajiv Gandhi. Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi announced the naming of this award after the name of Major Dhyan Chand, known as the magician of hockey. He said that requests were being received from citizens across the country to name the Khel Ratna award after Major Dhyan Chand. Honoring his sentiments, this award has been named Major Dhyan Chand Sports Award. The Prime Minister said that Major Dhyan Chand was one of the foremost sportspersons of India who earned honor and glory for India.
It is known that India first participated in hockey in the Olympic Games in Amsterdam in 1928 and Dhyan Chand scored a total of 33 goals in Amsterdam (1928), Los Angeles (1932), and Berlin (1936) Olympic Games. He scored the maximum 14 goals in the Amsterdam Olympics, while he scored 11 goals in his last Berlin Olympics. India won gold medals in hockey in all these three Olympics. After 1936, India also won gold medals in hockey in London Olympics (1948), Helsinki (1952), Melbourne (1956), Tokyo (1964), and Moscow (1980). Major Dhyan Chand’s birthday, August 29, is celebrated as National Sports Day in India.

Sikkim is the first state in the country to do completely organic farming – Efforts have been made by scientists in the country and abroad to promote organic farming in place of chemical fertilizers for soil fertility and protection of the environment. Sikkim has taken the first step in this direction in India. It achieved the status of a Fully Organic State in December 2015 by bringing about 75,000 hectares of agricultural area under organic farming, it was formally announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on January 18, 2016, in Gangtok. In the conference of Agriculture Ministers Declaring Sikkim as a completely organic state, Prime Minister Narendra Modi said in Gangtok that now is the time to move from chemical farming to organic farming. He said that farmers doing organic farming would be given a fair price for their produce.

Lakshadweep is the first Union Territory with completely organic farming – The Union Territory of Lakshadweep has now been declared a completely organic farming area in December 2020. All agricultural work in this union territory is done without the use of synthetic fertilizers and pesticides. Sikkim, ahead of Lakshadweep, was declared a fully organic farming state in January 2016. Coconut is the main agricultural produce of Lakshadweep. There are 8 lakh coconut trees, from which more than 11 crore coconuts are obtained every year. Horticulture crops-fruits and vegetables etc. are mainly included in other produce.

Gobar Nyay Yojana for the production of organic manure in Chhattisgarh – A new Gobar Nyay Yojana was announced by Chief Minister Mr. Bhupesh Baghel in July 2020 to prepare Burmese compost from cow dung in Chhattisgarh. Under this scheme, the state government will buy cow dung at the rate of Rs. 2 per kg from cattle rearers, which will be used to prepare Burmese compost manure. The state government has the plan to sell the organic manure prepared in this way at the rate of Rs.8 per kg. Describing the scheme as multi-faceted, Chief Minister Mr. Bhupesh Baghel said that this scheme will prove to be a boon for the farmers and animal herders in times of crisis and it will be a lifeline for the rural economy many objectives can be achieved through this. He said that this would give a boost to organic farming in the state and would also generate additional employment. This will not only increase the income of cattle herders but also will stop the open grazing of livestock. By promoting the use of organic fertilizers, the use of chemical fertilizers will decrease and the fertility of the land will improve and the availability of nutritious foods will increase.

SVAMITVA Scheme for Owners of Landed Properties in Rural Areas – SVAMITVA is a scheme launched by the Ministry of Panchayati Raj, Central Government in October 2020, which was announced by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on Panchayati Raj Day on April 24, 2020. Property cards showing the ownership of their properties are being distributed to the owners of landed properties in rural areas under this scheme. Land property owners will be able to use this property card as their financial property. It can be used for other economic benefits including loan applications etc. The distribution of property cards was inaugurated by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi through video conferencing on October 11, the birth anniversary of Lok Nayak Jayaprakash Narayan and Bharat Ratna posthumously awarded enlightened thinker Nanaji Deshmukh. Through video conferencing, he sent links to one lakh beneficiaries of six states- Haryana, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Uttarakhand, and Uttar Pradesh through SMS on their mobile phones, with the help of which they can get property cards in physical form. By the year 2024, the government aims to cover all 6.62 lakh villages of the country under this scheme. Inaugurating the scheme, the Prime Minister said that the property card will remove land ownership disputes and pave the way for villagers to buy and sell properties without disputes. It will also play an important role in the development of the country.

National and International Current Affairs

Matsya Sampada Yojana- Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi launched the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) through video conferencing on September 10, 2020, with the objective of creating maximum employment in this sector and increasing the income of fish farmers by promoting fisheries. Did. 20,000 crores The scheme has been launched simultaneously in 21 states with an investment of Rs. This amount will be spent in the next 4-5 years. Launching the scheme, Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi in his address said that this scheme will provide new infrastructure, modern equipment, and access to new markets to fish producers as well as provide additional opportunities for agriculture. He said that this is the first time after independence that such a big scheme has been launched for the fisheries sector. The scheme aims to double fish exports in the next 3-4 years. This will create lakhs of employment opportunities in the fisheries sector. Inaugurating the scheme, the Prime Minister said that realizing the importance of fisheries, now a separate ministry has also been created for this at the Centre.

FAME India Scheme for Promotion of Electric Vehicles- To promote the manufacture and use of electric vehicles, the second phase of the FAME India Scheme was approved in the meeting of the Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi on February 28, 2019. Went. The first phase of the scheme was launched on April 1, 2015. It’s the second phase. It started in April 2019 and is for three years. In addition to providing initial incentives for the purchase of electric and hybrid vehicles, adequate infrastructure for the charging of such vehicles will be developed under this. Emphasis will be given to electric-powered public transport services under this. An outlay of Rs 10,000 crore has been estimated for Phase II of FAME India. This scheme will be helpful in solving problems like environmental pollution and fuel security.

Mudra Bank- To provide financial assistance to small businessmen who are deprived of the facility of finance, ‘Mudra’ (Micro Units Development and Refinance Agency) was established as a subsidiary unit of ‘SIDBI’ (SIDBI-Small Industries Development Bank of India). was incorporated in March 2015 as a Non-Banking Financial Company (NBFC). The main objective of this institution is to provide loans to microfinance institutions providing loans to micro, small, and enterprises. It was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on 8 April 2015 at a function at Vigyan Bhawan in New Delhi. MUDRA Ltd. will now be converted into a bank (MUDRA SIDBI Bank) under SIDBI. This bank will function as a company formerly owned by SIDBI. A decision to this effect was taken in a meeting of the Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in New Delhi on January 6, 2016. According to a January 2016 clarification by the finance ministry, MUDRA SIDBI Bank will not be the regulator for microfinance institutions. The regulatory responsibility of all Micro Finance Institutions registered with the Reserve Bank of India will continue to rest with the RBI. Mudra loans of banks and microfinance institutions will be regulated by Mudra SIDBI Bank. As per the latest available data, Mudra loans worth Rs 8 lakh crore had been disbursed by banks and microfinance institutions till February 2019. There are three categories of Mudra loans – loans up to Rs.50,000, child loans, and more than Rs.50,000 but up to Rs.5 lakh. Loans up to Kishor loan and loans above Rs.5 lakh but up to Rs.10 lakh are classified as Tarun loans.

Statue of Equality – Prime Minister Narendra Modi on the occasion of the 1000th birth anniversary of Saint Sri Ramanujacharya on February 5, 2022, at Muchintal near Shamshabad in Hyderabad (Telangana) 216 ft (68.5 m) tall statue the world’s second-largest statue in a seated position Unveiled the Statue of Equality. This is the statue of Saint Sri Ramanujacharya. This statue is installed on the 54 feet high base building named Bhadra Vedi on the premises of Sri Chinna Jeeyar Swami Ashram. It is made from five types of metals. A total of Rs 1000 crore has been spent on its construction. The world’s tallest sitting statue is the Buddha statue in Thailand.

India’s New Parliament House – The foundation stone of the new Parliament House has been laid by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on December 10, 2020, which will be completed in 2022 under the Central Vista Project. The contract for the construction of the new Parliament House has been taken by Tata Projects Limited for Rs 861.90 crore. The building has been designed by HCP Design and Planning Company. The shape of the new parliament building will be triangular, which will be 4 stories. A total of Rs 971 crore will be spent on its construction. This building will be spread over 64,500 square meters. A total of 1224 people will be able to sit in its combined mantra. There will be a seating arrangement of 888 members in the Lok Sabha House and 384 members in the Rajya Sabha House of this building.

Mission Chandrayaan-2- Chandrayaan-2 (Total weight-3.8 tonne) on July 22, 2019, from Satish Dhawan Space Center at Sriharikota in Andhra Pradesh (Headquarters of Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) – Bengaluru, Karnataka) India’s most powerful Launched by 640-tonne Bahubali rocket GSLV Mark-III, which was supposed to land after 48 days on September 7, 2019 (Moon orbit insertion-August 20, 2019) but lost contact with ISRO 2.1 km before reaching the Moon had broken. Its three important parts were the orbiter, lander, and rover. The ‘Lander’ was named Vikram and the ‘Rover’ was named Pragyan. The total cost of this mission was Rs 978 crore. The women project directors of this mission were M. Vanita and Ritu Karidhal. At the time of its launch, ISRO Chairman K. Sivan was Chandrayaan Mission-2 was launched on 22 October 2008 by PSLV-C11 rocket by ISRO under the chairmanship of G. Madhavan Nair.

Ayushman Bharat PMJAY-Sehat Yojana- Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) SEHAT scheme. The main objective of this scheme is to extend health insurance coverage to all the residents of Jammu and Kashmir. The full form of SEHAT is Social Endeavor for Health and Telemedicine. It is a health insurance scheme launched for the Union Territory. It will provide free insurance coverage to all residents of Jammu and Kashmir. Those people will be covered under this scheme, who are not covered under the Ayushman Bharat scheme. Under the Ayushman Bharat PM Jan Arogya Yojana (PMJAY), a health cover of up to Rs 5 lakh was given to eligible beneficiaries.

Honey FPD Program – Union Agriculture and Farmers Welfare Minister Narendra Tomar inaugurated Honey Farmer Producer Organization (FPO) program in five states for honey production. It aims to address the issues of the beekeeping industry and boost honey production in the country. These will also help in achieving the goal of increasing the income of the farmer. It will be set up by the National Agricultural Cooperative Marketing Federation of India Limited (NAFED) in East Champaran (Bihar), Morena (Madhya Pradesh), Bharatpur (Rajasthan), Mathura (Uttar Pradesh), Sundarbans (West Bengal). Honey FPO program has been launched under Central Sector Scheme for the formation and promotion of new 10,000 FPOs.

Current Events of National and International 2022-2023

Atmanirbhar Bharat Rozgar Yojana – The Union Cabinet has given its approval to Atmanirbhar Bharat Rozgar Yojana (ABRY) to boost formal sector employment and encourage new employment opportunities in the Covid pandemic recovery phase. Along with this, ABRY will encourage the creation of new employment opportunities under the Atmanirbhar Bharat Package 3.0.
The Cabinet has approved an amount of Rs 1,584 crore for the current financial year and an expenditure of Rs 22,810 crore for the entire plan period 2020-2023. the scheme. Will provide a subsidy for two years in respect of new employees engaged after October 2020 and after or till June 30, 2022. The government will pay 12 percent employees’ contribution and 12 percent employers’ contribution i.e. 24 percent wages towards EPF in respect of new employees in establishments employing 1,000 employees for two years. The government will contribute 12 percent employee contribution and 12 percent employer contribution (both) to EPF, 24 percent of salary allowances for a period of two years in organizations employing 1000 employees. It will pay only the employees’ share of the EPF contribution i.e. in employers’ organizations having more than 1000 employees, the government will pay only 12 percent of the employee’s contribution to the EPF for a period of two years in respect of new employees.

Kovid-19 – The World Health Organization has named Corona Kovid-19 (COVID-19), where ‘CO’ stands for Corona, ‘VI’ stands for Virus, ‘D’ stands for It is Disease, and ’19’ means the year 2019 i.e. the year in which this disease originated. This virus was first seen in the ‘Wuhan’ province of China and gradually spread all over the world.
Already happened. Symptoms of the corona- (i) fever, (ii) cold and cough, (iii) sore throat, (iv) body fatigue, (v) difficulty in breathing (most prominent), (vi) muscle stiffness, ( vii) long time
Till fatigue. Prevention from corona-Corona infection spreads very easily and no medicine has been found for it so far, hence it has been kept in the category of a very deadly disease. You can protect yourself from it by taking the following steps-
(a) Always wash your hands.
(b) Do not touch your mouth again and again.
(c) Walk or stay at a distance of 5 to 6 feet from everyone.
(d) Do not go out of the house if it is not very necessary.
(e) Do not go to public places like malls, markets, etc.
(f) Improve your immunity.
(g) Do not shake hands with people.
(h) Wearing a mask is necessary for a person who is suffering from corona, but many times the infected person does not even know that he has corona, so his safety is in his hands. Must wear a mask.
(i) Avoid traveling by train, bus, etc.
(i) Do not forget to wash your hands with soap for at least 20 seconds.

Swachh Bharat Mission Academy – Swachh Bharat Mission Academy has been launched by Union Water Minister Gajendra Singh Shekhawat. SBM Academy was launched during the ongoing week-long behavior change campaign ‘Gandagimukt Bharat’. The launch of SBM Academy is an important part of Phase 2 of the Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin). It will promote capacity building of key stakeholders like Swachhagrahis, PRI members, community-based organizations, NGOs, SHGs, etc. to ensure behavior change.

Garib Kalyan Rozgar Abhiyan – Government of India will start “Garib Kalyan Rozgar Abhiyan” from village Telihar of Block Beldaur in the Khagaria district of Bihar. It is a massive rural public works scheme that will work to empower and provide livelihood opportunities to rural citizens including returning migrant workers. In this program, villages in 116 districts of six states will be linked through Common Service Centers and Krishi Vigyan Kendras. There are six states – Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Odisha, Jharkhand, and Bihar. The “Garib Kalyan Rozgar Abhiyaan” will be a 125-day long campaign, which will work in mission mode. It will be a coordinated effort of 12 different Ministries/Departments such as Rural Development, Panchayati Raj, Environment, Railways, Petroleum and Natural Gas, Road Transport and Highways, Mines, Drinking Water and Sanitation, Telecom, Agriculture, New and Renewable Energy and Border Roads. In this campaign, with a fund of Rs 50 thousand crore, on one hand, 25 works of different governments will be implemented in a fast and focused manner to provide employment to the migrant workers, while on the other hand, infrastructure will be created in the rural areas of the country.

New Education Policy, 2020 – Prime Minister Narendra Modi addressed the nation on 7 August with the New Education Policy 2020. Organized by the University Grants Commission and the Ministry of Education, the PM’s address began on “Transformative Reforms to be undertaken in Higher Education under the National Education Policy”. The Union Cabinet on July 29 approved the new National Education Policy, which replaces the 34-year-old National Policy of 1986 and aims to pave the way for transformational reforms in the school and higher education systems to make India a global knowledge superpower. To do. The National Research Foundation will work closely with the National Educational Technology Forum (NETF) to enable scientific steps to incorporate technology into the education system. Indian Space Scientist K Kasturi Rangan has played a key role in drafting the New Education Policy 2020. The National Education Policy has been approved after extensive deliberations over 3-4 years and considering lakhs of suggestions. The new education policy is the foundation for strengthening India in the 21st century. Each student will be future-ready and contribute to nation-building. Reforms in education in India required a holistic approach and NEP is successfully working in this direction. Multi-disciplinary courses, multiple regions, and exit options will enable students to choose what courses they can choose from. Students can re-skill and update. NEP will enable the student to learn the skill that interests them. India has the potential to provide ‘talent and technology’ to the world. Technology has given us the means to reach even the last person in the country. Technology will help in better content and curriculum. The new education policy will help in bridging the gap between education and research. The government has started giving autonomous status to various institutions. We will give autonomy to many more institutions in the future. The NEP is focusing on the upgradation of teachers and teacher training. When a teacher learns,
Will lead the nation.

National and International Latest News

Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019- The Citizenship Amendment Act, 2019 is an act passed by the Parliament of India. By this, the Citizenship Act of 1955 has been amended and through this, arrangements have been made to give citizenship of India to Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Parsi, and Christian refugees who have come to India from Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan, which is till 31 December 2014. had come to India before The Citizenship Amendment Bill was passed by the Lok Sabha on December 10, 2019, and by the Rajya Sabha on December 11, 2019. On December 12, the President of India gave his assent to it and the bill became an act. This act has also become effective from January 10, 2020. Earlier it was mandatory to stay in India for 11 years to get Indian citizenship. Relaxing this condition, the Act has changed this period to a condition of staying in India only for 5 years. Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Afghanistan are Muslim countries, their Muslims are not persecuted in the name of religion, so Muslims are not included in this act. According to the Intelligence Bureau, 31,313 refugees would be the immediate beneficiaries of this Act, including 25447 Hindus, 5807 Sikhs, 55 Christians, 2 Buddhists, and 2 Parsis. And Mid-Day Meal Scheme-The Mid-Day Meal Scheme was started on August 15, 1995, to increase the attendance of children in schools, retain them and improve their nutritional status. This is a centrally sponsored scheme. Earlier it was started in 2408 blocks of the country. Later it was implemented in all the blocks. In 2002, it was extended to cover not only children from classes one to five in government-aided local body schools but also children studying in EGA and AIE centers. In September 2004, the scheme was amended to include government-aided schools and EGAs. Arrangements were made to provide cooked mid-day meals containing 300 calories and 8 to 10 grams of protein to all the children of classes I to V studying in AIE centers. Starting in July 2006, it focused on 450 calories and 12 grams of protein. The Mid-Day Meal Scheme has the following objectives-
(i) Improving the nutritional status of children studying in classes I to V in Government, local body and Government aided schools and EGA and AIE centers.
(ii) To encourage the poor children of the disadvantaged sections to attend classes regularly and concentrate on the activities of the classes.
(iii) To provide nutritional support to primary-level children in drought-affected areas during summer vacations.

Right to Education Act, 2009 or Primary Education in India – The first attempt at the Right to Education in India was made by Jyotirao Phule in 1882 before the Indian Education Commission (Hunter Commission) which was unsuccessful. But the struggle for the right to education did not stop there. After a long struggle, in 2002, after the 86th Constitutional Amendment 21A, basic education for children of 6 to 14 years of age was included in the fundamental right. Later in 2009, this law was passed by both Houses of Parliament and the Right of Children to Compulsory and Free Education Act, 2009 was enacted. From April 1, 2010, a notification was issued to implement it completely in the entire country for 3 years i.e. March 31, 2013. The rights of children under this law are as follows-

Free means that no donation or fee will be taken from the children so that their schooling is not hindered. Compulsory means-State or local body that 40 children in a radius of one kilometer and primary school in a radius of three kilometers will be arranged. All children in the age group of 6 to 14 have the fundamental right to free and compulsory education. In case of the non-availability of government schools, it will be the responsibility of the local body to enroll 25% of poor students of their capacity in government-aided schools. In case of a shortage of aided schools, poor and special-category children will be enrolled in unaided private schools. Non-enrolled or dropout children will get admission to classes according to their age. No child will be failed from class 1st to 8th. Children will not have to pay any kind of entrance test, interview, or admission fee. Children will be protected from being subjected to any form of abuse or discrimination. Right to Information- The right to information is an excellent example of the success of a mass movement. The Central Government enacted the Right to Information Act in 2005. This act was implemented on October 12, 2005, in the entire country. The main provisions of this act are as follows-

All Ministries and Departments of the Central and State Governments, Panchayati Raj Institutions and Municipal Bodies, and Government funded organizations except security and intelligence organizations have to keep their documents in such a way that they can be easily available when required. Every institution should publish information about its organization, functions and responsibilities, important policies, planned expenditure, and other things. Information commission should be established as a high-level independent unit at the center and state levels. Such commissions will promote the right to information and enforce the provisions of the Act. The Act empowered the Information Commission to compel Public Information Officers to supply unsolicited information. The person who wants to get any information from public institutions will have to apply in writing and pay a certain amount for this. The officers will have to take action on the application within 48 hours of receiving the information. Public information will have to be given within one month as far as possible. The right to receive information also includes inspection of records and obtaining a copy of the data.

Gram Panchayat – Gram Panchayat is an important unit of the Panchayati Raj system. At the local level, it formulates and implements various schemes for the development of the village. Its tenure is of five years. It is constituted by directly elected members. All the adult men and women of the Gram Panchayat area elect the members of the Gram Panchayat. Normally one member of Gram Panchayat is elected for a population of 500. Thus, the minimum number of members of a Gram Panchayat is 10 and the maximum is 14. Seats are reserved for the members of the Gram Panchayat in proportion to the population of the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes, and Backward Classes in the area of the Gram Panchayat. Apart from this, one-third of the seats in the Gram Panchayat members are reserved for women. It also includes reserved posts for women belonging to Scheduled Castes/Tribes and Backward Classes. The head of the Gram Panchayat is the head who is elected by all the voters of the Gram Panchayat. There is also a deputy head of the Gram Panchayat. The elected members of the Gram Panchayat elect one of themselves as the Upamukhiya. Each gram panchayat has a secretary who is appointed by the state government. The Secretary’s job is to implement the decisions taken by the Gram Panchayat and exercise the powers given by the government. The headman presides over the meeting of the Gram Panchayat. In the absence of the head, the meeting is presided over by the deputy’s head. Each Gram Panchayat constitutes three permanent committees to fulfill its functions- (i) Production Committee, (ii) Social Justice Committee, and (iii) Sukh-Suvidha Committee. There are at least three and at most five members in these three committees. The chairman of the production committee and the amenities committee is the head of the gram panchayat himself, while the chairman of the social justice committee is the deputy’s head.

Village court- Village court is formed to provide justice to the villagers. It consists of nine members. Sarpanch and four pants are elected on the basis of a secret ballot. The remaining four patches are elected by an electoral college. The term of the Gram Kachari is five years. It hears both civil and criminal cases. But in a civil case, it cannot hear a case of more than five hundred rupees. In criminal cases, it only imposes fines. The Sarpanch is the head of the village office. In his absence, his work is done by the Deputy Sarpanch, who is elected from among the eight Panches.

Current Events 2022 in India

Panchayat Samiti – The second major part of the Panchayati Raj system is the Panchayat Samiti, which is formed at the block level. The number of villages included in the area of a block. It is considered the area of the Panchayat Samiti. This area does not include those parts which come under the authority of any municipality or municipal corporation. All its members are divided into four parts-
(i) Directly elected members of which each member is elected over a rural population of about 5000 and the number of such members varies from 20 to 24 depending on the area of different Panchayat Samitis.
(ii) the members of the Lok Sabha and the Legislative Assembly representing the area of the Panchayat Samiti.
(iii) If there are any members of the Rajya Sabha or the Legislative Council related to that area, they are also members of the Panchayat Samiti.
(iv) Heads of all Gram Panchayats belonging to the area of the Panchayat Samiti.
The members of these four categories have the right to participate and vote in all the meetings of the Panchayat Samiti. But only these members who are elected members of the Panchayat Samiti can vote to elect or remove the head and deputy head of the Panchayat Samiti. The elected members of the Panchayat Samiti elect any two members from among themselves as Pramukh and Up-Pramukh respectively.
The term of work of the Panchayat Samiti is five years from the date of its first meeting. The head of the Panchayat Samiti presides over its meetings. In his absence, the meeting is presided over by the Deputy Chief. The work of recording the proceedings of the meeting and its decisions is done by the Block Development Officer. This is the secretary of the Panchayat Samiti. It is necessary to have at least one meeting of the Panchayat Samiti in two months. Apart from this, one-third of the members of the committee can call an additional meeting at any time by making a written demand. The chief and deputy chief can be removed by passing a no-confidence motion by the majority of the elected members.
Each Panchayat Samiti has three Standing Committees.
(i) General Standing Committee – The work of this committee is to look after communication, building construction, rural home construction, relief work in times of calamity, water supply, and general matters.
(ii) Finance, Audit, and Planning Committee- Mainly this committee works related to the preparation of the budget and checking the details of expenditures and all kinds of financial proposals.
(iii) Social Justice Committee- The work of this committee is for the development, protection, and providing special facilities to the weaker sections of the area. Practically, the main function of the Panchayat Samiti is to prepare annual plans for its area and submit them to the Zilla Parishad so that those plans can be included in the district plan. Apart from this, it is also the responsibility of the Panchayat Samiti to complete the tasks assigned by the State Government or Zilla Parishad from time to time.

Air pollution- The pollution caused by air is called air pollution. Air is essential for humans, animals, and plants. The gases present in the atmosphere are in definite quantity and proportion. When unwanted elements are mixed in the air, then their fundamental balance is destroyed, which is fatal for all living beings. The process of contamination of the air is called air pollution. Air pollution has adverse effects on human health. Due to this man gets skin diseases, acne, and respiratory diseases. To prevent air pollution, all those means are responsible for air pollution should be controlled so that air pollution can be controlled to some extent. Then a large number of trees and plants should be planted. Tomorrow-Factories should be away from the residential population and special types of filters should be used to clean the smoke coming out of their chimneys. The use of vehicles running on petrol and diesel should be reduced as much as possible. Garbage etc. should not be thrown in the road or street in front of the house and should be thrown in a pit away from the population so that the air pollution due to the polluted air coming out of it is reduced.

Water pollution- Water pollution is mainly due to a lack of carbon dioxide and oxygen in water, the presence of some unwanted metals, and the presence of germs of some deadly diseases. Contaminated chemical substances released from factories are often dumped in the rivers. Along with this, the sewage of the big cities located on the banks of the rivers is dumped into the rivers through sewers, due to which the water gets polluted. Dead animals, garbage-cancer in water or bathing in river or pond, using detergent powder to clean clothes, water also gets polluted. Water pollution has a fatal effect on human health. Drinking polluted water causes diseases like jaundice, cholera, typhoid, etc. Polluted water also destroys the cultivable land. Due to the pollution of the water of the rivers, the life of aquatic animals is also adversely affected. To prevent water pollution, garbage should not be put in the water bodies but should be put in a pit. Sewer water should be thrown into the rivers outside the city without fault. The water flowing from the fields on which the crops have been sprayed with insecticides should not be allowed to enter the reservoirs whose water is used for drinking purposes. Clothes or dirty things should not be washed in the ponds whose water animals drink.

Soil pollution-Different types of salts, mineral elements, organic matter, gases, water, and decomposers of the soil are in certain quantity and proportion. Due to some harmful chemicals, the decomposers in the soil are destroyed, due to which dead and rotten organic matter starts accumulating in the environment and its natural balance is destroyed. The change in the amount and proportion of different substances in the soil is called soil pollution. The reason for soil pollution is the application of different types of fertilizers in the fields. Apart from this, the biggest reason is the spraying of insecticides, including D.D.T., Gamaxin, Ildrin, etc. All these are prepared in the form of a solution and sprinkled on the crops. Some amount of it is also found in the soil, which mixes with water during rainy days and pollutes the soil by reaching from one place to another. Soil pollution has a fatal effect on human life. These substances reach the human body and cause many diseases. For this reason, the use of D.D.T. has been almost stopped in many countries. To prevent soil pollution, indigenous manure should be used in place of artificial fertilizers. Spraying of insecticides should be minimized. Pesticides should not be mixed directly in food grains. Before use, such grains should be washed thoroughly.

Ujjwala Yojana- Ujjwala scheme was launched in 2016, under which There are two main objectives of this scheme, which are being given free LPG connections to families living below the poverty line. The first objective is to provide clean fuel free of cost to the women of poor families so that they feel health security and feel empowered. The second objective is to reduce air pollution. Now women do not have to burn wood and dung cakes for cooking. As a result, cooking became easier and they got rid of the smoke. In this scheme, there is a target of giving five crore LPG connections in the first three years.

Goods and Services Tax (GST) – Goods and Services Tax came into force in the country on July 1, 2017. This will lead to increased tax compliance, elimination of overtaxing, improvement in tax administration, reduction in tax evasion, expansion of the organized sector of the economy, and more revenue to the exchequer. GST has low rates for essential goods and the highest rates for luxury and de-merit goods. Under this, 60 percent of goods will be taxed at the rate of 18 percent and 20 percent at the rate of 28 percent. Certain goods have been kept out of the purview of GST. Exempted goods or those with an annual turnover of fewer than 20 lakhs, who do not do international business, have been exempted from filing returns for GST. On November 10, 132 days after the implementation of GST, the GST Council reduced the tax on 211 categories of goods. Till now there was a 28 percent tax on 228 categories of goods. Of these, the tax on 178 was reduced to 18 percent. That is, now only 50 items will attract a 28 percent tax. AC, washing machine, paint varnish, and the cement will attract a 28 percent tax as before. 20 per day for late filing of returns for businessmen who are not liable to pay tax. There will be a fine. Now it was Rs.200 for everyone. All the changes have come into effect from 15 November.
Fundamental Rights- Seven fundamental rights have been provided to the citizens by the Indian Constitution, which is as follows-
(i) Right to equality
(ii) Right to Freedom
(iii) Right against exploitation
(iv) Right to freedom of religion
(v) Rights related to culture and education
(vi) Right to Constitutional Remedies
(vii) Right to primary education

Fundamental duties of citizens- Eleven fundamental duties have been fixed for Indian citizens, which are as follows-
(i) To obey the Constitution, to respect the National Flag and the National Anthem.
(ii) To follow the ideals which encouraged the national movement.
(iii) To defend the country and be ready to serve the nation.
(iv) To promote brotherhood by ending all discrimination.
(v) To protect Indian culture.
(vi) To protect forests, lakes, rivers, and wild animals.
(vii) Promotion of scientific temper.
(viii) To protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of the country.
(ix) To protect public property.
(x) To take steps for the maximum development of the nation.
(xi) It is the duty of every parent or guardian to make provisions for education to children aged 6 to 14 years.

Solar energy- Energy is the base pillar of human development. Due to its deficiency, all the activities of man become unstable. Solar energy is a non-conventional source of energy. Sun is the eternal source of solar energy. Its production is simple and simple. Energy is collected by solar energy accumulators and used for small household tasks, such as cooking, lighting, heating water, drying crops, etc. Solar energy is converted into electrical energy by a solar battery.

Biogas- Biogas can be made from fossil fuels or from dead organic matter. Biogas is made from recently dead organisms, so it does not disturb the carbon levels in the atmosphere. Biogas is also better than fossil fuel because it is cheap and renewable energy. It is beneficial to developing countries because it can be produced in small plants, but some say that using fuel derived from crops will lead to food shortages and lead deforestation, water and soil pollution, or oil spills. There will be a negative impact on the producing countries. Biogas is made by using animal waste or energy crops in a biogas plant. Energy crops are made into biofuels instead of food. Energy crops are grown for biofuels rather than for food. Biofuel is made from dead organic matter called biomass and can be in liquid, gaseous, or solid form. A biogas plant consists of a digester and gas holder that produces the fuel. The plant’s digester is airtight into which the waste material is fed and the gas is stored in a gas holder. The construction of a biogas plant depends on the requirement of gas and the availability of waste material. Also, on batch keying or continuous feeding of the digester, the biogas plant is built on the ground surface or below and both models have their own advantages and disadvantages. A surface plant is easier to maintain and benefits from the sun’s heat but requires more attention to construction because of the internal pressure of the digester. On the contrary, the plant situated below the surface is easy to construct but difficult to maintain.

Global warming – Global warming refers to the increase in the temperature of the earth and the changes in the weather due to it. A rise in Earth’s temperature can result in changes in rainfall patterns, melting of ice caps and glaciers, rising sea levels, and effects on flora and fauna. It is being called the biggest threat of the 21st century. This danger is believed to be bigger than World War III or an asteroid hitting the Earth. The IPCC report states that anthropogenic carbon emissions account for 90 percent of global warming. While Prof. You. Come. Rao says on the basis of his research that only cosmic radiation contributes 40 percent to the global temperature. Apart from this, there are many other factors that contribute to global warming. There is no cure to stop global warming. It can be fought only by spreading awareness about it. We have to make our earth green in the true sense. The more we keep the environment around us free from pollution, the more we will play a big role in saving this earth.

Destruction of forests – Indian forest is facing many problems. Their judgment is not the same. Somewhere there are dense forests and somewhere very little or no. 90 percent of the land of Andaman-Nicobar Island is covered with forests. Forests cover less than five percent of the land in Rajasthan. Many types of trees are found in a forest. There is a lack of forests of only one type of tree. Even more serious than these problems is the degradation of forests. Forest trees have been continuously cut down for many years. The program of planting new trees is not going on in proportion to the proportion in which trees are being cut. Due to their vested interests, people are not able to protect the forests. The problem of land erosion is flourishing due to the loss of forests. Also, due to the lack of rainfall, the water table is going down and posing a threat to the environment. Ayushman Bharat Yojana – It is a health scheme. It was implemented across the country on 1 April 2018. The scheme was announced by Finance Minister Arun Jaitley in the 2018 budget. The objective of this scheme is to provide health insurance to economically weak people. Cashless health up to Rs 5 lakh will be provided to each family coming under this. 10 crore such families who are below the poverty line will take direct benefit from this scheme. There is a plan to bring the rest of the population under this scheme. On the occasion of the birth anniversary of Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar, the country’s Prime Minister Narendra Modi started this scheme in the Vijapur district of Chhattisgarh.

Doklam dispute- Doklam is a tri-junction. Here the border of India, China, and Bhutan meet. India has no claim in this area. There is a dispute between China and Bhutan regarding this area. Presently it is occupied by China and Bhutan claims it. The dispute between India and China began on June 16, 2017, when the Indian Army stopped Chinese troops from building a road in the Doklam area. While China says that it is building a road in its territory.

National Current Events 2022

Namami Gange – The river Ganga has cultural and spiritual significance. 40 percent of the country’s population depends on this river. Addressing the Indian community at Madison Square Garden in New York in 2014, the Prime Minister said that if we are able to clean it, it would be a great help to 40 percent of the country’s population. Therefore, cleaning Ganga is also an economic agenda. To implement this vision, the government launched an integrated Ganga Conservation Mission named Namami Gange to eliminate pollution of river Ganga and revive the river.

Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Amendment Bill – This bill was first passed in 1988 and amended in 2016. The amended law came into force on 1 November 2016. In such a transaction the person who pays for the property does not buy it in his own name. The person whose name the property is purchased is called Benamdar and the property is called Benami. At present, the definition of benami property is that such property is at stake. In which it is bought in someone else’s name but someone else pays for it.

Bihar Student Credit Card Scheme- Bihar Student Credit Card Scheme is an ambitious scheme of the state government. This scheme was started by the Government of Bihar on October 2, 2016. Under this scheme, the government aims to provide credit cards to students from 2015 to 2020. Under this, education loans up to Rs 4 lakh are given to 12th-pass students from the state government. The main objective of this scheme is to provide maximum financial assistance to the children of Bihar for their studies. There are many children in Bihar who leave their studies after school due to a lack of money. Through this scheme, the children of Bihar will get a further chance to study. Bihar has the lowest education level as compared to other states of India. The education level here is only 63.82 percent. Even before this, education loans have come in India as well as in Bihar, but due to the high rate of interest, children are not able to use them. This credit card loan will benefit people with zero interest rates. The aim of the Bihar government is that at least 5 lakh children of Bihar can be given the benefit of this scheme at the beginning of the scheme.

Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana – The objective of the Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana is to give the benefit of life insurance to the people at an affordable rate, which is capable of giving family security benefits to the people in minimum premium. Under this scheme, all savings bank account holders whose age will be a minimum of 18 years and a maximum of 50 years can earn benefits. Under this scheme, ‘Life Insurance’ is to be provided to the savings account holders at an annual premium of Rs.330. In case of the death of the insured, a life insurance cover of Rs 2 lakh will be provided. Premium will be deposited in the account of the person eligible for this insurance through an auto debit facility. This scheme has been started on 1st June 2015 and will run till 31st May 2016 after which it will continue again on annual basis.

Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) – The ‘Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana’ (PMJDY) was announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in his address to the nation on August 15, 2014, to provide banking services to all households in the country. With the slogan ‘Mera Khata Bhagya Vidhata’, the scheme was formally launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi himself at a function in New Delhi on August 28, 2014. Apart from the Prime Minister, many Union Ministers and 20 Chief Ministers launched this scheme in 600 different programs and 77852 camps across the country. Under this scheme, a total of 1.50 crore bank accounts were opened across the country on the very first day itself. Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana aims to provide bank accounts to 7.5 crore households who are out of reach of banking services. With Swadeshi Rupay Debit Card to the bank account openers under this scheme. Accident insurance cover of Rs. lakh is being provided. Under this scheme, after 6 months of account opening, an overdraft facility of up to Rs 2500 will be available in Aadhaar linked account, which can be increased up to Rs 5000 after 6 months. For opening such accounts, the requirement of a government identity card has been done away with. Such bank accounts can be opened only on photo and signature/thumb impression. In such accounts, it will not be allowed to keep more than Rs.50,000 at any time and only Rs.10,000 can be withdrawn from the account in a month. Account holders of this category can convert their bank account to a normal account in the future by meeting KYC requirements.

Make in India Scheme – Prime Minister Narendra Modi started the Make in India scheme on September 25, 2014. Along with this, the Make in India portal (website) was launched at Vigyan Bhawan in New Delhi. Its objective is to promote domestic production. Along with industrialists of the country, representatives of foreign companies also participated in the program organized on the occasion of the launch of the Make in India portal. The logo of Make in India has also been issued in which a lion has been depicted. The lion is not only a part of the national emblem Ashoka Chakra, but it also represents courage, intelligence, and strength. International investors and economists often refer to the Indian economy as an elephant on the grounds that it is huge, but its pace is slow. To break this perception, the Modi government, after much deliberation, has chosen Singh as the symbol of the Make in India program.

Digital India Mission – One of the most priority schemes of the Narendra Modi government, the Digital India program is an umbrella program of the government, which aims to connect various government departments with the people of the country and ensure that government services are demanded without the use of paper. But only in electronic form can reach the general public. Launched by the Department of Electronics and Information Technology, Government of India in collaboration with various other Ministries and Departments. This ambitious program focuses on the following three key components-
(i) Creating digital infrastructure.
(ii) To deliver government services electronically to the general public on demand.
(iii) Digital empowerment of citizens.

With the above vision the Digital India program aims at creating Broadband Highways, Global access to mobile connectivity, Public Internet Access Programme, E-Governance, Reforms in Government through Technology, E-Revolution, Electronic Delivery of Services, Electronics Manufacturing Target, Zero Imports, information technology for employment and the Early Harvest program are to be provided. It is notable that the Digital India program is a program prepared and coordinated by the Department of Electronics and Information Technology of the Central Government in collaboration with various Central Ministries/Departments and State Governments. Prime Minister Narendra Modi himself is the chairman of its monitoring committee. The government believes that due to Digital India, by 2019, broadband connectivity in all gram panchayats, Wi-Fi facility in schools and colleges, and public Wi-Fi hot spots will be available, and directly and indirectly, a large number of Information technology, telecom, and electronics jobs will be available from this. With the success of this program, India will become digitally empowered and it will be at the top position in the use of information technology in the delivery of services related to health, education, agriculture, and banking sectors. Digital India Week was celebrated across the country from July 1-7, 2015 with a call to create awareness about Digital India and empower the country through it. It was inaugurated by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Done at a function in New Delhi in July 2015.

Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao Abhiyan – The sex ratio of girls in India is less than that of boys. To solve this problem, Prime Minister Narendra Modi started Beti Bachao and Beti Padhao Yojana from Panipat in Haryana. The scheme has the following objectives-
(i) To eliminate prejudiced attitudes from gender discrimination.
(ii) To ensure the survival and protection of the girl child.
(iii) To ensure education for the girl child.
(iv) Improving the nutritional status of the girl child.
(v) To promote a safe environment for the girl child.

PAHAL Yojana-Subsidy on LPG has now been brought under Direct Benefit Transfer across the country with effect from January 1, 2015. With this, this subsidy will now be directly deposited in the bank account of the consumers. This scheme of Direct Benefit Transfer for LPG has been named Pahal. The scheme was originally launched in select cities on June 1, 2013, and was expanded to 291 cities in a phased manner. Later, in a modified form, the scheme was implemented from November 15, 2014, in 54 selected cities of the country, which has been expanded to the entire country from January 1, 2015. To get a subsidy on LPG, the consumer has to link his 17-digit LPG ID number with his Aadhaar-linked bank account. An option has been made available for this even in the absence of Aadhaar. All the consumers will have to buy their gas cylinders in advance at the market price only. Country subsidy on the cylinder will be directly transferred to their bank account. This initiative of Direct Benefit Transfer for LPG is the world’s largest scheme under Direct Benefit Transfer.

Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana- Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana was launched on January 22, 2015. Under this scheme, the parents of the girl child can open a bank account till the age of 10 years of the girl child. Interest is given at the rate of 9.1 percent on a deposit of 1.5 lakhs. There is a provision to withdraw 50 percent of the deposit amount when the daughter turns 18 years of age. There is no provision to withdraw money from the bank before this age. Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched this scheme from Panipat in Haryana.

Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana – This scheme related to life security is seen as an ‘Accident Insurance Scheme’, in which the person will be provided with ‘Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana’ at an annual premium of Rs.12. In this scheme, insurance cover will also be provided in case of death or permanent disability due to accident. In the case of temporary disability. An insurance cover of Rs. lakh will be provided. This scheme is available for a person with a minimum age of 18 years and a maximum age of 70 years. Account holders of public sector or private sector banks will be able to join this scheme by enrolling in the bank through KYC and Aadhaar card. This scheme has been started by the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) and other life insurance companies.

NITI Aayog- On January 1, 2015, in an important decision, the name of the ‘Planning Commission’ has been changed to ‘Niti Aayog’. Here policy does not mean the word policy in English. Rather it is an abbreviation of the National Institutional Institute for Transforming India. NITI Aayog will work like a think tank headed by the Prime Minister. The speeches of Mahatma Gandhi, Bhimrao Ambedkar, Deen Dayal Upadhyay, and Swami Vivekananda have been mentioned in this commission. In this, the main focus is on how NITI Aayog will play a big role in the development process. Market economy expert Dr. Arvind Panagariya, who supports the Gujarat model of development, has been made the vice-chairman of this newly constituted commission. The Prime Minister will be the chairman of the NITI Aayog. Its governing council will include chief ministers of all states and lieutenant governors of union territories. The organization will have a Vice President and CEO to be appointed by the Prime Minister. It will have some permanent members while two will be temporary members who will be taken on a rotation basis from the institutes. It will have four Union ministers as ex-officio members. People who are experts in different subjects will be made invited members of this institution. NITI Aayog will eliminate the slow implementation of policies with inter-ministerial and central-state cooperation. It will build a shared vision of national development priorities and recognize that strong states make a strong nation. This commission will do the work of making reliable plans at the village level and taking them to higher levels in the government. This commission will pay special attention to those sections of society who are suspected of not getting the full benefits of economic progress. The institute will be able to keep pace with the ever-changing integrated world of which India is a part. The Institute will provide critical and technical advice on key elements of policy-making at each level. This includes matters of national and international import on the economic front, dissemination of best practices available within the country as well as in other countries, adoption of new policy ideas, and subject-specific assistance. The Institute will have the necessary resources, knowledge, skills, and competence to act at a fast pace and provide policy perspectives to the Government as well as relevant subjects.

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan – Prime Minister Narendra Modi formally launched the nationwide ‘Swachh Bharat Abhiyan’ on October 2, 2014, on the occasion of Gandhi Jayanti, to make the country clean and dirt-free by creating awareness about cleanliness and hygiene. . Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched this ambitious campaign by sweeping a Valmiki Basti in New Delhi. The program was announced by Prime Minister Narendra Modi in his address to the nation on 15 August 2014 from the ramparts of the Red Fort. Under this campaign, the country has to be presented as a clean India by the 150th birth anniversary of Gandhiji in 2019. To fulfill the dream of a clean India in the villages, the Central Government has announced an annual grant of Rs 20 lakh to each Gram Panchayat.

Rafale-Rafale is an advanced type of fighter plane made by The Salt Aviation Company of France. The agreement between India and France for 36 Rafale aircraft was signed in the year 2016 for Rs 59000 crore. As part of the first batch of Rafale, five Rafale aircraft took off from the Marienque airbase in France and reached Ambala airbase in Haryana, India on July 29, 2020. Rafael’s first landing took place at UAE’s Dhofar airbase 7 hours after taking off from France. The Rafale fighter plane received by India is of 4.5 generation. Egypt is the first country to buy Rafale from France. India has become the fourth country in the world to get Rafale. Hilal Ahmed is the first Indian pilot to fly in Rafale. The Rafale coming to India was led by Group Captain Harkirat Singh, who was awarded the Shaurya Chakra in the year 2009. At present France, Egypt, Qatar, and India have Rafale aircraft. Rafale has a payload capacity of 9500 kg and is capable of flying for 60 hours with a maximum take-off weight of 24500 kg. The three missiles used in Rafale are-(i) Scalp missile, (ii) Meteor missile, and (iii) Hammer missile.

Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana – Prime Minister Narendra Modi formally launched the ‘Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana’ on February 18, 2016, during the Kisan Kalyan Mela at Sehore in Madhya Pradesh. During this, the Prime Minister released the guidelines of the scheme. This ambitious scheme was approved by the Union Cabinet on January 13, 2016. In this new insurance scheme, the defects of the old crop insurance scheme have been removed. Now even after 14 days of harvesting the farmers will be paid insurance for crop damage. Earlier insurance companies used to fix premiums, which used to be 12 to 14%, but the government has fixed 1.5% insurance premiums for Rabi crops and 2% for Kharif crops. In the old crop insurance scheme, the limit of payment was fixed. In this scheme, a 2% insurance premium has been fixed for all types of crops. In the old crop insurance scheme, the limit of payment was fixed. All types of crops (Rabi, Kharif, Commercial, and Horticulture) have been included in this scheme. The annual insurance premium for commercial and horticultural crops will be 5%. National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) and Modified National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (MNAIS) have been merged into this scheme. For the next 3 years, the government will spend an amount of Rs.8800 crore on this scheme. Man-made calamities like fire, theft, etc. are not included in this plan.

Atal Pension Yojana- Customers or consumers joining the Atal Pension Yojana will get a pension every month upon completion of 60 years of age. The amount of pension will be Rs 1000 to Rs 5000 per month and for this, the desired premium will have to be paid by the consumers. The amount of the premium will depend on the age of the subscriber at the time of joining the scheme. In case of the death of the consumer, his wife/husband will continue to receive a pension, and later lump sum amount will be paid to the nominee. To join this scheme, 50 percent of the contribution made by the consumer (maximum one thousand rupees per year) will be contributed by the government for five years (from 2015-16 to 2019-20). This contribution will also be given to such subscribers who join the scheme before December 31, 2015, who will not be members of any other statutory pension scheme. Income taxpayers will not be given contributions from the government. People of 18-40 years will be included in this scheme.

Smart City Project – Prime Minister Narendra Modi on June 25, 2015, at a function in New Delhi, launched three new schemes for the all-around development of cities, of which the Smart City Project is also one. Under the Smart City Project, 100 smart cities are to be developed across the country. Rs 48,000 crore will be spent for this in 5 years from 2015-16 to 2019-20. Under the plan, the smart city will have a 24-hour electricity-water facility as well as Wi-Fi connection across the city. There will be one nursery school for every 2500 population and one college for every 1.25 lakh population. Only cities will be selected for the smart cities on the basis of two-level competition. In this, the first phase of the competition will be at the state level, after which the cities will also have to face competition at the second central level for selection. The standards for both levels of competition have been fixed by the government. The 20 cities which get the highest marks on the basis of various parameters in the competition will be able to get an allocation of central funds for development in the form of smart cities in 2015-16. While marks will be given in the state-level competition of the first phase, for the facilities of toilets in the houses, reforms done under J.N.N.R.U.M., collection of taxes by the municipal bodies, transparency and redressal of public grievances, etc. is divided into five sources. The smart city plan is estimated to cost Rs 48,000 crore over the next five years. The Central Government announced 98 Smart Cities on 27 August 2015. Three cities of Bihar have been included in the list of 98 smart cities of the country. These cities are Muzaffarpur, Bhagalpur, and Biharsharif.

Skill India Mission- Prime Minister Narendra Modi launched the Skill India Mission on July 15, 2015, at a function in New Delhi to provide skills and abilities to the country’s young manpower to meet global challenges Skill Development and Entrepreneurship Policy announced. Apart from Minister of State for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (Independent Charge) Rajiv Pratap Rudy, several Union Ministers including Arun Jaitley, Manohar Parrikar, Suresh Prabhu, Anant Geete and J.P. Nadda and Chief Ministers of some states were also present on the occasion. The mission was launched in view of the shortage of skilled and skilled manpower in the country. It is believed that only 2.3 percent of the workforce in the country has received formal training in relation to their work, compared to 68 percent in the UK, 75 percent in Germany and 52 percent in the US, 80 percent in Japan, and 96 percent in South Korea. Is. Skilled artisans are available not only for our country but also for other countries, due to more than 54 percent of the country’s youth being under the age of 25 and 62 percent of the population being in the working population group of 15-59 years. Can get it done. The government believes that we can take advantage of this demographic aspect by 2045. To take advantage of this short-term situation, it is necessary to focus on skill development. Keeping these things in mind, the Department of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship was promoted to the Ministry of Skill and Entrepreneurship in November 2014. On the initiative of this Ministry, National Mission for Skill Development has been started. Under this, capacities will be created to train 30 crore youth by the year 2022. For the implementation of the mission, a Governing Council, a Steering Committee, and a Mission Directorate will be set up at the top level under the chairmanship of the Prime Minister. The Mission Directorate will be supported by the National Skill Development Agency (NSDA), the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC), and the Directorate General of Training (DGT). At the apex level, the Governing Council of the Mission will be headed by the Prime Minister himself.

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